A quick Google search indicated that REI and LL Bean still offer ragg wool socks. Looking at the pictures, they appear to be the same as the old ones you and I both remember - the ones that required you to wear thin polypro liner socks or have crazy itchy feet or blisters.

Can't tell from pictures if they meet your "robustness & cushion quality" standards, but I did notice LL Bean has the old knee-high versions.

If you like wool, you might also look at the newer merino wool offerings. I've used them and like them as much as I ever liked ragg wool. However, I currently use synthetic socks, perhaps with 10% or 15% wool blended in. I far prefer them to anything else I've used in the past.